Bacterial gene transcriptional regulation is one of the most widely studied mechanisms. Complex, but precise gene transcription regulatory network helps bacteria respond to environmental changes and plays a key role in the pathogenesis and transmission of pathogens. This paper discussed research progress of Yersinia pestis gene transcriptional regulation, the transcriptional regulation mechanism, strategies for transcriptional regulation, and the function of transcriptional regulation in Yersinia pestis pathogenesis and transmission, to provide new ideas for further research.