Methane as an important greenhouse gas has a great impact on global climate and human life. Mostly, the global methane emission comes from the metabolic activities of anaerobic methanogens, which mainly occurs in anaerobic environment. However, recent studies have found that the methane production also existed in the aerobic environment, and the methanogenic microbes are not only limited to methanogenic archaea. Here, this paper generalizes the production of methane in aerobic environment basing on the microbiologic methanogenesis, summarizes the existing research results, and provides new ideas and directions for future relevant researches.