[Background] The occurrence of?rice panicle browning disease is more common in Heilongjiang province, and it can reduce production and quality of rice. [Objective] To identify the pathogen of rice panicle browning in Heilongjiang province. [Methods] Samples of?rice panicle browning were collected from different rice producing areas. The pathogens were isolated. The pathogens were confirmed pathogenicity according to Koch’s postulates, and identified by morphologic and molecular biological characteristics. [Results] Four isolates were obtained. The symptoms of rice panicle inoculated by the four fungi were similar to that observed under natural conditions. Based on morphologic characteristics and rDNA ITS sequences analysis, four pathogens were identified as Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Nigrospora oryzae Petch and Epicoccum nigrun Link. Dominant pathogens could change in different years. [Conclusion] The identification of pathogenic fungi causing rice panicle browning in Heilongjiang province could be references to develop disease management strategies.