Pseudomonas species can synthesize a variety of metabolic products, such as alginate, vitamin B12, cyclic lipopeptide, phenazine, 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, rhamnolipid and polyhydroxyalkanoates. In this review, we summarized recent progress in biosynthesis of these polymers and complex compounds in Pseudomonas species, and discussed further their synthetic mechanism. We also addressed future research direction of these products.