[Objective] Demonstrate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi on Carthamus tinctorius L. rhizosphere microbe diversity. [Methods] Dilution cultural and PCR-single stand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) were used for determing rhizosphere microbe exist in the ambient of inoculated AM fungi plants Carthamus tinctorius L. or named safflower as well. Target safflowers were inoculated with Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices and mixed group (G. mosseae, G. intraradices, G. cladoideum, G. microagregatum, G. caledonium and G. etunicatum), respectively. [Results] Total number of rhizosphere microbe around treated safflower shows an order of G. mosseae>G. intraradices>Mix. Compared with control group, inoculated group has larger quantity (p<0.05) of total microbe number according the order of 0?5 cm>5 cm?10 cm>10 cm?20 cm in most of its growth stages. Inoculated safflower, however, showed differ microbial quantity along soil vertical profile as 5 cm?10 cm> 0??5 cm>10 cm?20 cm. Clustering analysis confirmed exist as inoculation and non-inoculation plant microbial groups. [Conclusion] AM fungi have an affected on the variation pattern of rhizosphere microbe diversity of safflower by temporally and spatially varieties. This patterns not only can help us easy understanding the significance function of microbe exist in terrestrial ecosystem, could also support as a guidance in appropriate cultivation strategy on agricultural production the near future.