Based on the basic teaching experiment, coliform bacteria test in source water as example, this paper made some researches on the educational reform of microbiology experiment. There were four teaching practices to be carried out. The first was to guide students to form microbiology experiment ability by designing experiment plan independently. The second was to guide students to form standard operational habits by experiment demonstration, analysis and strict supervision. The third was to cultivate students’ profound observing and thinking abilities by observing experimental phenomena. The fourth was to cultivate students’ realistic attitudes by teachers’ precepts and their personal example. These practices had proved that, the educational reforms, carried out in the teaching experiment like the experiment of coliform bacteria test in source water, could help students to cultivate their abilities of self-learning, practice, observation, analysis and creation, and then promote their comprehensive quality.