The experiment isolated three actinomycete strains XJSS-21, XJSS-39 and XJSS-58 from soil sample collected from typical desert areas in Shanshan County, Turpan City, Xinjiang Province. Based on the polyphasic studies, including its morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, denitrifying capability, chemotaxonomy and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we found that three desert actinomycetes are able to produce cellulase, amylase and protease, the strain XJSS-21 has a strong capacity to denitrification, XJSS-58 belongs to the mild salt-tolerant bacteria. XJSS-21, XJSS-39 and XJSS-58 were primarily identified as Streptomyces Humidus subsp. antitumoris, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei and Streptomyces mutabilis.