There is a symbiotic relationship between the huge ruminant microflora, which plays a crucial role in the metabolic mechanism of ruminant animal. This makes the ruminant microflora as a hotspot. Using methods of molecular biology such as probe methods, Real-time PCR DGGE/TGGE, RAPD and RFLP to study ruminant microbial ecology and metagenomic methods including YAC library and BAC library to study ruminant microflora functionality would attain the aim to approve the quality of milk and meat, meanwhile to explore the abundant resources of ruminant microflora.