Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ)reduction is the important process in Biogeochemical cycle.This paper gives a systematic introduction to the types of dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ)reduction,mechanism of insoluble Fe(Ⅲ)oxidizes reduction and the advances of molecular biology in- volved in Fe(Ⅲ)reduction.The status of the applications of dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ)reduction in environmental contaminant treatment were also discussed.