Marine environments harbor a large variety of microorganisms that play an important role in the ecological system, most of them are closely related with human life. So far, only less than 1% marine microorganisms have been cultured by conventional methods. This paper discusses the importance of marine microbes, the reasons why most of marine microorganisms cannot be cultivated and progress in high-throughput culturing and sorting methods of marine microorganisms. With further research, more practical and effective high-throughput culturing and sorting methods will emerge.