Biomaterials have been widely used as bone grafts for bone tissue repair. The application of biomaterials needs to consider various aspects of material properties such as biocompatibility, mechanical strength and plasticity. It is also necessary for bone repair to consider the degradability of materials. Previous studies have shown that biomaterials can be degraded by physical, chemical and biological ways. Cell-mediated degradation is an important part of the biodegradation process of materials, mainly carried out by the biological behavior of macrophages and osteoclasts and reactive oxygen species, enzymes and acidic metabolites secreted by them. Illustration of cell-mediated degradation of biological materials helps us understand the biological behavior of cells better, to accurately design and manufacture more effective bone repair materials, which is conducive to initial stability during material implantation, in line with the consistence of material degradation and new bone formation, promoting bone regeneration and bone repair.