WSWXTB微生物学通报Microbiology China0253-2654微生物学通报编辑部中国北京wswxtb-47-11-384310.13344/j.microbiol.china.200284互惠共生微生物专栏Columns for Mutualistic Symbiotic Microbes不同积雪覆盖期荒漠齿肋赤藓结皮层丛枝菌根真菌多样性变化Variation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) biological diversity in the mosses crust layer of desert during snow cover season吴楠WUNan12尹本丰YINBen-Feng2张静ZHANGJing2陶冶TAOYe2张元明ZHANGYuan-Mingymzhang@ms.xjb.ac.cn2*鲁东大学烟台市滨海生态水文过程与环境安全重点实验室 山东 烟台 264025Yantai Key Laboratory of Coastal Hydrological Processes and Environmental Security, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China张元明, E-mail:ymzhang@ms.xjb.ac.cn
Up to now, there was very limited research exploring the symbiotic relationship between bryophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in temperate desert with the context of snow.
Objective
To reveal the difference of AMF biological diversity in mosses crust layer of desert during the period of early winter (before snowfall), mid-winter (snow-accumulation) and snow melt, we further understand the crucial win-win survival strategy between desert characteristic plants and microorganisms in winter snow accumulation.
Methods
High-throughput sequencing technique was used to study the community composition and diversity of AMF in the dominant bryophyte crusts growing in Gurbantonggut Desert under stable snowfall period, and the difference of AMF community structure before and after snowfall is analyzed.
Results
All operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonged to 5 orders, 9 families and 11 genera. Of these, these species assigned to the taxonomy of Claroideoglomus, Archaeospora, Paraglomus and Glomus were the dominant groups. There was no significant difference among the dominant genus of AMF in the mosses crust layer between early winter (December) and snow melt (March), and the absolutely dominant genus (> 50%) was Claroideoglomus. However, the relative abundance of different AMF groups have different trends between early winter and snow melt. The proportion of Claroideoglomus increased significantly during snow melt period. Compared with early winter, the abundance of AMF assigned to the level of Paraglomus and Glomus decreased. The value of Chao1 index and ACE index used to measure the community richness were in the following order: before snowfall > snow-accumulation > snow melt. It showed that the abundance of AMF community decreased due to snowfall. The visual analysis of taxonomic composition information based on MEGAN software suggested that low abundance AMF groups were more easily affected. Acaulospora was mainly from the samples collected before snowfall, while Diversispora was mainly from the samples collected during the snow melt period. Based on the cluster analysis of genus level communities, it was found that the types of high abundance taxons decreased from 5 before snowfall to 2 after snowfall, which indicated that snowfall had a certain selectivity to AMF groups in bryophyte crusts. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the characteristics of AMF community structure, including early winter and snow melt, could be effectively distinguished by PCA1. This further verified that the snowfall factors have a significant screening effect on AMF community in the moss crusts. A competitive relationship may exist between the high abundance genus, Claroideoglomus and Glomus, Paraglomus and Archaeospora, due to the negative correlation among them. But because of positively correlated, a cooperative relationship may exist to survive in environment of snowfall between low abundance genus: Gigaspora, Septoglomus, Ambispora and Scutellospora.
Conclusion
The winter snowfall in Gurbantonggut Desert has different selection strategies for the dominant genera and low abundance genera for the AMF group of moss crusts. During the snow melt period, the absolute dominant genus will reduce the proportion of competitive dominant genus, thus further consolidate the dominant position. While the existence of positive correlation of low abundance will synchronously reduce the proportion. Unlike the Tengger Desert, the dominant genus of AMF in the moss crusts is Claroideoglomus but not Glomus in this desert.
齿肋赤藓结皮丛枝菌根真菌高通量测序技术群体多样性Syntrichia caninervis crusts Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiHigh-throughput sequencingCommunity diversity国家自然科学基金41771299国家自然科学基金41977039中国科学院西部青年学者项目2018-XBQNXZ-B-016中国博士后科学基金面上项目2019M653805国家自然科学基金(41771299,41977039);中国科学院西部青年学者项目(2018-XBQNXZ-B-016);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2019M653805)National Natural Science Foundation of China41771299National Natural Science Foundation of China41977039West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences2018-XBQNXZ-B-016China Postdoctoral Science Foundation2019M653805National Natural Science Foundation of China (41771299, 41977039); West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2018-XBQNXZ-B-016); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M653805)
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