Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) often form symbiotic relationships with many higher plants, and widely exist in nature. They play an important role in promoting the growth and nutrient absorption of plant, enhancing the stress resistance of the host and maintaining the stability of the ecosystem in forest. In addition to being closely related to host plants, ECMF often establish the symbiotic relationship with endobacteria, and interact physically and metabolically with bacterial communities during their life cycle. These bacteria had positive effects for ECMF on the growth of mycelia, increase of biomass and the formation of fruiting bodies. The article summarized the discovery of symbiosis, establishment of the symbiotic relationship, the promotion of growth, development of ECMF promoted by endobacteria, and the research methods of ECMF and endobacteria. In order to better consolidate the basic knowledge of biology and ecology of ECMF, and utilize the bacterial-fungal interactions to provide ideas for the biological control of edible ECMF, study of bacterial fertilizer, artificial domestication and cultivation.