Antibiotics are effective medicines to combat pathogenic microbes. However, the wide use of antibiotic in human medicine and agricultural production has promoted the rapid spread of bacterial resistance in the environment. In particular, the combined use of multiple antibiotics promotes the emergence of multi-drug resistance that seriously threatens human and animal health, food and environmental safety. Therefore, new researches focus on the following aspects: using omics and synthetic biology to discover and synthesize new antibiotics. Using high throughput technology to analyze the new transmission routes of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes and the mechanism of new resistance in the environment. Strategies and related processes are emerging for reducing, replacing and controlling antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, based on a comprehensive understanding of the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment, how to block the transmission route in a green and efficient way is still the current research hotspot. In view of this, this review expounds the discovery, development and control strategies of antibiotic from the perspective of bacteria, to provide ideas for further research on control antibiotic resistance development.