Traditional classroom teaching focuses on the teacher imparting knowledge and skills to the students, but this model no longer meets the needs of talent cultivation for this new age. Teachers need to seek and devise effective classroom teaching methods, to fully motivate students' enthusiasm for learning, to improve learning efficiency and student satisfaction. In this paper, we adopt the new teaching method of “Classroom teaching combined with small group discussion”, classifying different discussion groups based on students' career plans, setting discussion topics and procedures according to lesson contents and feasibility reports. Implementing to this method, students' grasp of Microbiology knowledge is comprehensively improved, students learn more actively, their capacity for independent thinking and innovation are nurtured, and their career plans become clearer.