| 木耳菌丝老化过程的微形态学研究 |
| Micromorpholgical studies on senescence process of hyphae in cultivated Auricularia auricula-judae |
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| 中文关键词:木耳，老化，显微结构，超微结构 |
| 英文关键词:Auricularia auricula-judae, senescence, microstructure, ultrastructure |
| 基金项目:科技部十一五科技支撑项目（No. 2008BADA1B01）；科技部林业公益性行业科研专项（No. 201104048）；黑龙江省科技厅计划项目（No. KT05A400-1）；哈尔滨市科技攻关计划（No. 2007AA6CN105） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 分别从显微和超微结构观察木耳菌种老化过程中菌丝细胞的形态变化。结果显示：接种后30d时，光镜下观察到菌丝结构均匀紧凑，细胞壁光滑；电镜下观察到细胞结构完整，内含物丰富，各种细胞器形态规整，没有老化现象。接种后60d时，光镜下菌丝部分肿胀，色泽加深；电镜下细胞壁疏松，线粒体和液泡肿大，细胞核不规则肿胀，核仁消失，脂肪滴和囊泡增多，并有少量电子致密度高的嗜锇性黑色颗粒状物质出现，表明菌丝开始老化。90d时，光镜下部分菌丝严重肿胀，且色泽更深；电镜下线粒体和液泡肿胀明显，部分细胞核破裂，脂肪滴、囊泡和电子致密度高的嗜锇性黑色颗粒状物质显著增多，细胞壁更加疏松。120d时，光镜下许多菌丝开始断裂，色泽进一步加深；电镜下细胞壁塌陷，膜系统也随之解体，线粒体等细胞器部分溶解消失。150d时，光镜下大部分菌丝完全断裂，并失去菌丝形态；电镜下细胞膜及其内含物已基本消失，只剩部分严重塌陷的细胞壁残骸。由此表明，木耳菌丝的老化是一个由个别向整体逐渐过渡的不可逆的过程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Process of senescence in hyphae of cultivated Auricularia auricula-judae was observed microstructurally and ultrastructurally. In 30d after inoculation, the hyphae were uniform and well-knit; the cell wall was smooth. Under transmission electron microscope, the cells were intact, with abundant inclusions and all organelles were normal. In 60d part swelling hyphae were observed and the color of hyphae were darker. Under transmission electron microscope, the cell wall was unconsolidated, and the mitochondria and vacuole were swollen; nuclei were irregularly swollen, and nucleoli disappeared, and then granules and vesicles increased. Meanwhile, a few electron-dense granules appeared, which indicated the senescence of hyphae. In 90d membrane of part of the nuclei was broken, and a great amount of lipid granules, vesicles and electron-dense granules were observed. The cell wall was futher loose. In 120d lots of hyphae became fractured and the color was much darker. Under transmission electron microscope, collapsion of cell wall and disintegration of cytomembrane system were observed, and part of cell organelles, such as mitochondria, disappeared. In 150d most of hyphae were completely fractured and lost their shapes, and the cytomembrane and cell inclusions were almost disappeared, but part of collapsed cell walls were observed. It was indicated that the senescence process of Auricularia auricula-judae hyphae was irreversible, which developed from individual to whole cells gradually. |
| 袁立,许修宏. 木耳菌丝老化过程的微形态学研究[J]. 菌物学报, 2011, 30(4): 566-571 |
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